1.1RANLIAO

SHEHUIDEBUDUANFAZHANCUJINLEHUAXUEGONGYEDEFAZHAN，DANZAIFAZHANGUOCHENGZHONG，GONGYEFEISHUIYEYUELAIYUEDUO。RANLIAOFEISHUISHIZHUYAODEYOUHAIGONGYEFEISHUIZHIYI，ZHUYAOLAIZIRANLIAOHERANLIAOZHONGJIANTISHENGCHANXINGYE，LAIZIGEZHONGJIANADApcYUCEGUANWANGHEZHONGJIANTIJIEJINGMUYE。SUIZHERANLIAOGONGYEDEBUDUANFAZHAN，SHENGCHANFEISHUIYICHENGWEISHUIWURANDEZHUYAOLAIYUAN。

C.I. (YANSEZHISHU)，MUQIANYOUSHUWANZHONGRANLIAO。ZHONGGUOSHIRANLIAOSHENGCHANDEDAGUO。JINNIANLAI，FANGZHIHERANSEGONGYEFAZHANXUNSU。MUQIAN，ZHONGGUOGEZHONGRANLIAOCHANLIANGYIDA90WANDUN，RANLIAOCHANLIANGYUEZHANSHIJIEDE60%。RANLIAOKEGENJURANLIAODEBUTONGTEZHENGFENLEI。GENJURANLIAODEHUAXUEJIEGOU，RANLIAOKEFENWEI：OUDANRANLIAO，ENKUNRANLIAO，XUANZHUANRANLIAO，LIUHUARANLIAO，HUAQINGRANLIAO，SANFANGJIJIAWANRANLIAO，ZAHUANRANLIAO。GENJURANSEDEYINGYONGTEDIAN，RANLIAOKEFENWEI：ZHIJIERANLIAO，LIUHUARANLIAO，HAIYUANRANLIAO，SUANXINGRANLIAO，SUANXINGLUOHERANLIAO，HUOXINGRANLIAO，BINGRANLIAO，YANGHUARANLIAO，FENSANRANLIAO，JIANXINGRANLIAO;HUANJINGGONGCHENGLINGYUTONGCHANGFENWEILIZIZHUANGTAI，QIZHONGRANLIAOFENZIZAISHUIRONGYEZHONGJIELI：YINLIZIRANLIAO，RUZHIJIERANLIAO，SUANXINGRANLIAO;YANGLIZIRANLIAO，RUJIANXINGRANLIAO;HEFEILIZIRANLIAO，RUFENSANRANLIAO。LIZIHEFEILIZIRANLIAOZHONGDEDADUOSHUFASETUANSHIHANDANJITUANHUOKUN，BINGQIEHANDANJITUANZHONGDANJIANDEHAIYUANLIEJIEQINGXIANGYUZAIFEISHUIZHONGXINGCHENGYOUDUAN，ERJINGRANLIAOYOUYUFANGXIANGHUAERNANYIJIANGJIE。QIZHONGDEJIEGOUSHIDEZHEIZHONGRANLIAOFEISHUIGENGNANYITUOSE。HUOXINGRANLIAOSHIDIANXINGFASETUANZHONGHANYOUDANJIANDERANLIAO，FASETUANYUGEZHONGHUOXINGJITUANJIANHE，RULIUJI，ERLVSANQINHUOXINGJI，YIXIJIFENGJIDENG。ZAIRANSEHEYINHUAZHONGZAICIGUOCHENGZHONG，RANLIAODEFANYINGXINGJITUANYUXIANWEIFENZIXINGCHENGGONGJIAJIAN，SHIRANLIAOHEXIANWEIXINGCHENGYIGEZHENGTI。YOUYUQISEZEXIANYAN，SHUIRONGXINGHAO，YINGYONGJISHUJIANDAN，YINCIGUANGFANSHIYONGHUOXINGRANLIAO。YONGYUYINRANXINGYE。RANER，HANYOUZHEIXIESHUIRONGXINGHUOXINGRANLIAODEFEISHUIYESHIZUINANCHULIDEFEISHUIZHIYI，BINGQIECHUANTONGDESHUICHULIFANGFABUNENGHENHAODICHULIZHEIXIERANLIAO。JIANXINGRANLIAOJUYOUFEICHANGGAODEYANSE，YINCIJISHISHUIZHONGJIANXINGRANLIAODENONGDUFEICHANGDI，SHUIDEYANSEYEFEICHANGGAO。DADUOSHUHANYOUZHONGJINSHUDERANLIAOHANYOUGE，ZHEISHIZHIAIDE。FENSANRANLIAOZAIRONGYEZHONGBUYILIZIXINGSHICUNZAI。XUDUOFENSANRANLIAOJUYOUSHENGWULEIJIXING，FENSANRANLIAOHUAXUEJIEGOUWENDING，SHENGWUJIANGJIEXINGCHA。YINCI，CHUANTONGDESHUICHULISHENGWUCHULIXITONGDUIFENSANRANLIAODEQUCHUXIAOGUOCHA。

1.2RANLIAOFEISHUITEXING

ZAIRANLIAOSHENGCHANGUOCHENGZHONG，RUHUANGHUA、XIAOHUA、ZHONGDANHUA、HAIYUAN、YANGHUA、SUAN(YAN)FENXIDENGGUOCHENGZHONG，CHANSHENGDALIANGWURANWU。JUGUJI，ZAIRANLIAOSHENGCHANZHONG，90%DEWUJIYUANLIAOHE10-30%DEYOUJIYUANLIAOBEIZHUANYIDAOSHUIZHONG。WURANWUNONGDUGAO，FEISHUIZUCHENGFUZA，HANYOUDALIANGYOUJIWUHEYAN，YOUJIAOGAODESEDUHESHENQIAN。QIANGSUANXINGHEJIANXINGTEXING，YIZHISHIFEISHUICHULIZHONGDEYIGEWENTI，YICHENGWEIHUANJINGWURANDEGUANJIANLAIYUANZHIYI。RANLIAOFEISHUIYOUYIXIATEDIAN：

ZHUYAOYANJIUJIEGUORUXIA：(1)FEISHUIZHONGDEYOUJIWUDADUOYIBEN、NAI、EN、KUNDENGFANGXIANGZUHUAHEWUWEIZHU，DAIYOUSEJI，YANSEHENSHEN，SEDUGAODA5 0 0~500000，WURANYANZHONG。

(2)YOUYUSHENGCHANGONGYIHEFENZIJIEGOUDEXUYAO，RANLIAOWUZHIHEZHONGJIANFENZIWANGWANGHANYOUJIXINGJITUAN，ZENGJIALESHUIRONGXING，SHICAILIAOSUNSHIJIAODA。FEISHUIZHONGTONGCHANGHANYOULUHUAWU、XIAOJI、ANJI、BENAN、FENDENGDUOZHONGYUANLIAOHEFUCHANWU，YIJILVHUANA、LIUSUANNA、LIUHUAWUDENGWUJIYAN。YIBANCODKEDA1000~73000 mg/L。(3)RANLIAOFEISHUIDABUFENWEISUANXING，BUFENWEIJIANXING，HANYANLIANGHENDA。

(4)YOUYUDUICAISEYANSEDEXUQIURIYIZENGJIA，RANLIAODEZHONGLEIYUELAIYUEDUO，KANGGUANGJIE，KANGYANGHUAHESHENGWUJIANGJIEDEFAZHANSHIDEZHEIXIEFEISHUIDESHIYONGYUELAIYUEKUNNAN。SHUICHULIXITONGCHULI。

(5)YINRANGONGYEZHONG，GENJUBUTONGXIANWEIYUANLIAOHEJIANADApcYUCEGUANWANGDEXUYAO，CAIYONGBUTONGDERANLIAO、ZHUJIHERANSEFANGFA，JIASHANGBUTONGDERANSESULVHERANLIAORONGYENONGDU，JIDADIGAIBIANLEYINRANFEISHUIDESHUIZHI。YINRANFEISHUIYIBANSEZESHEN，SHENGWUJIANGJIEXINGCHA。LINGWAI，YINRANFEISHUIZHONGHANYOUDALIANGDERANLIAOHETIANJIAJIYIJIDALIANGDELIDU，YINCIFEISHUIDEBOD5HECODJIAOGAO。

1.3RANLIAOFEISHUIDEWEIHAI

RANLIAOZHONGLEIFANDUO，JIRENMENDESHENGHUODAILAILEFENGFUDUOCAIDESECAI，CHANSHENGLEJUDADEJINGJIXIAOYI，TONGSHIYECHANSHENGLEDALIANGDERANLIAOFEISHUIPAIRUHUANJINGSHUITI，DUIZIRANSHUITIZAOCHENGLEWURAN。ZHUYAOWEIHAIRUXIA：

(1)RANLIAOFEISHUIZHONGDERANLIAOKEXISHOUGUANG，JIANGDISHUITOUMINGDU，HAOYANGLIANGDA，ZAOCHENGSHUIZHONGQUEYANG，YINGXIANGSHUISHENGSHENGWUHEWEISHENGWUDESHENGZHANG，POHUAISHUITIDEZIJING。TONGSHI，RONGYIZAOCHENGSHIJUEWURAN。

(2)RANLIAOSHIFANGXIANGZULUHUAWU，FANGXIANGZUXIAOJIHUAHEWU，FANGXIANGANHUAXUEPIN，HUOZAIYOUJIFANGXIANGZUHUAHEWUDEBENHUANSHANGDEQINGBEILUSU，XIAOJIHUOQINGQUDAIHOUXINGCHENGDELIANBENDENGJUBENHUAN。ANJITUAN。QUDAIHUAHEWU，SHENGWUDUXINGXIANGDUIJIAODA，YOUXIERENGRANSHI“SAN”WUZHI。

(3)RANLIAOZHONGDEZHONGJINSHU，RUGE、QIAN、GONG、SHEN、XINDENGZHONGJINSHUYANZAIFEISHUIZHONGBUNENGSHENGWUJIANGJIE。TAMENKEYIZHANGQICUNZAIYUZIRANHUANJINGZHONG，BINGTONGGUOSHIWULIANBUDUANCHUANBO，JILEIZAIRENTINEI。ZAIRIBEN，ZHONGJINSHUGONGDEWURANHEFUSHOUXINGZAOCHENGDE“SHUIYUBING”DENGGONGHAI。γ

(SI)FEISHUIZHONGYOUJIWUHANLIANGGAO，CHENGFENFUZA，YOUHAIWUZHIHANLIANGGAO。YIBANWUZHIRUSUAN、JIAN、YAN、FEIZAOSUIRANXIANGDUIWUHAI，DANDUIHUANJINGRENGYOUYIDINGDEYINGXIANG。JINNIANLAI，XUDUOHANDANHEHANLINDEHUAHEWUBEIDALIANGYONGYUQINGJIEJI。NIAOSUYECHANGYONGYUYINRANGUOCHENG，ZENGJIAFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGLINHEZONGDANHANLIANG，SHISHUITIPAIFANGHOUFUYINGYANGHUA。RUGUOZHIJIEPAIFANGRANLIAOFEISHUIERBUJINXINGCHULI，JIANGDUIRIYIJINZHANGDEYINYONGSHUIYUANZAOCHENGJUDAWEIXIE。YINCI，FEISHUICHULIBUJINKEYIJIANSHAOHUOBIMIANHUANJINGWURAN，BAOHURENMENDEJIANKANG，HAIKEYIHUISHOUCHULIGUODESHUI，JIEYUESHUIZIYUAN，ZOUKECHIXUFAZHANDAOLU。TADESHENYUANYIYI。