MOFENLIJISHUGUANGFANYINGYONGYUYINRANFEISHUICHULILINGYU。ZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONG,MOWURANSHIBUKEBIMIANDE。JIESHAOLEMOFENLIJICHENGJISHUZAIYINRANSHUICHULIZHONGDEYINGYONG,FENXILEMOWURANDEYUANYINJIJIEJUEMOWURANWENTIDEYANJIUXIANZHUANG,ZONGJIELEDUOJIYUCHULIJISHUGUOLV、HUAXUEXUNINGHEDIANXUNING。YUCHULIKEYIYANHUANMOWURAN,YANZHANGMOSHOUMING,JIANGDIYUNXINGCHENGBEN。ZHEISHIMOFENLI。TANTAOLEGAIJISHUZAIYINRANFEISHUICHULIZHONGYINGYONGDEGUANJIANHUANJIE,ZHANWANGLEMOQIANYUCHULIJISHUDEYINGYONGQIANJING。
SUIZHEGONGYERANLIAOJIAGONGJISHUDERIYIFUZAHEDUOYANGHUA,CHUANTONGDECHULIFANGFAYIBUNENGYOUXIAOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI,MOJISHUYANJIUYUELAIYUESHOUDAORENMENDEZHONGSHI,BINGZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONGDEDAOGUANGFANYINGYONG。MODECHENGBENYUEZHANZHENGGEXITONGDESANFENZHIYI。FEISHUIDESHUIZHIZHIJIEYINGXIANGMODESHIYONGSHOUMING,YINCI,YUCHULIFEISHUI[6-7]SHIFEICHANGZHONGYAODE,BENWENCHANSHULEMOFENLIJISHUZAIYINRANFEISHUICHULIZHONGDEYINGYONG,BINGTANTAOLEYUCHULIZAIYINRANFEISHUICHULIZHONGDEBIYAOXING。
1YINRANFEISHUIMOFENLIJISHU
MOFENLIJISHUSHIZHIZAIWAIBUNENGLIANGHUOHUAXUESHICHAZUOYONGXIA,TONGGUOMODEXUANZEXINGSHENTOU,FENLI、FENLEI、TICHUNHEFUJIJINLIAORONGYEZHONGDERONGZHIHERONGJIDEFANGFA[8]。YUCHUANTONGDELIHUA、SHENGHUACHULIGONGYIXIANGBI,MOFENLIJISHUWUXIANGBIAN,BUGAIBIANYUANLIAOYEDEXINGZHI,CAOZUOJIANDAN,ZHANDIMIANJIXIAO,YUNXINGWENDING。GUANGFANYINGYONGYUYINRANFEISHUICHULIDEMOZHUYAOYOUWEILVMO、CHAOLVMO、NALVMO、FANSHENTOUMOHEXINXINGMO。
1.1 WEILVMOYUCHAOLVMO
WEILVMODEKONGJINGFANWEIWEI0.1~10um。WEILVMODEZUOYONGJILIYUCHUANTONGGUOLVQIXIANGSI,KEYIQUCHUXIJUN、KELI、JIAOSHUDENGBURONGXINGWUZHI。KONGJINGZAI0.001~0.02um,CAOZUOYALIZAI0.2~1.0MpaDECHAOLVMOKEYIJIELIUFENZILIANGZAI1~30kDalton(kDa)FANWEINEIDEWUZHI。
WEILVMOGUANGFANYINGYONGYUYINRANFEISHUICHULILINGYU,JUYOUJIAOGAODESEDUHECODQUCHULV。YANGDACHUNDENGDEYANJIUJIEGUO。【9】BIAOMING,WEILVMODUIXINGYANHONGX-3bRANLIAOMONIFEISHUIDESEDUHECODQUCHULVFENBIEWEI99.5%HE69.8%。JedidiDENGREN[10]CAIYONGWEILVMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI。FEISHUIDESEDUHECODQUCHULVFENBIEWEI90%HE75%。CHUSHUIZHUODUXIAOYU0.5NTU。CHENCHAOYUDENG。[11]CAIYONGWEILVMOCHULIYINRANCHANGERJISHENGHUACHUSHUI。QUCHUHUNZHUODU100%,CHUSHUISDIJIANGZHI2。
WEILVMOYUQITAJISHUDEJIEHEDUIYINRANFEISHUIYEYOUHENHAODECHULIXIAOGUO。QIMINGDENG[12]CAIYONGQINGYANGHUAMEIXIFUYUCHULI,TAOCIMOWEILVCHULIHUOXINGRANLIAOFEISHUITUOSECHULI,JIEGUOBIAOMINGFEISHUITUOSELVKEDADAO98%YISHANG,CAIYONG0.5 mol / LXIXIAOSUANJINXINGHUAXUEQINGXI,MOUXIETIAOJIANKEYIYOUXIAODIHUIFUMOTONGLIANG。XUJINGCHENGDENG[13]CAIYONGWEILV - FANSHENTOUCHULIYINRANFEISHUI,FAXIANSUIRANWEILVDUICODHEZHUODUQUCHUDEGONGXIANYOUXIAN,DANTAKEYIJINYIBUQUCHUFEISHUIZHONGDEXIWEIXUANFUWUHEJIAOTI,BINGQIESDIBILIWEIWEILVLIUCHUWULVEWEIXUNING。WEILEDI,TAKEYIWEIHOUXUDESHENDUCHULITIGONGBAOZHENG。
ZHANGYONGDENG。[14]CAIYONGCHAOLVMOJIECHUCHOUYANGLIANHEGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,CHAOLVMOKESHIFEISHUICODYOU120-140mg/LJIANGZHI87.7-120.4mg/L,ZHUODUYOU7-21.5NTUJIANGZHI0.55-4.4NTU。ZoudDENGREN[15]CAIYONGGAIXINGCHAOLVMODUIYINRANFEISHUIJINXINGHUIYONG。GAIXITONGDUIRANLIAOHEYANLEIDEQUCHULVDA98%,ZAI1-14DESUANJIANDUFANWEINEIYUNXINGLIANGHAO。QITAXUEZHEYEZHENGSHILECHAOLVMOZAIQUCHUSEDU、HUNZHUODUHERANLIAOFANGMIANSHIYOUXIAODE[16-17]。
1.2NALVMOHEFANSHENTOUMO
NALVMOHEFANSHENTOUMOSHIYALIQUDONGMO,NALVMODEMOKONGJINGYIBANWEI1~2nm,FANSHENTOUMODEMOKONGJINGXIAOYU1nm。NALVMODEJIELIUFENZILIANGZAI0.2HE1kDaZHIJIAN,BINGQIETAMENZHONGDEDADUOSHUSHIDAIDIANMO,QIDUIYOUJIWUZHIHEGAOJIALIZIJUYOUGAOPAICHILV。FANSHENTOUMOZHUYAOSHIYONGMOTONGGUOSHENTOUXINGXUANZEXINGDIFENLICAILIAO。YINCI,ZHIYUNXURONGJITONGGUO[18-19]。
Bes PiaDENGREN[20]JIEGUOBIAOMING,CAIYONGHUAXUEXUNINGNALVMOXITONGCHULIYINRANFEISHUIHOU,XITONGCHUSHUICODJIANGZHI100 mg/L,DIANDAOLVJIANGZHI1000 mus/cm,KEMANZUQIYEHUIYONGBIAOZHUN。ZHONGLIJUANDENG。[21]CAIYONGNALVMOHUISHOUHANYANRANLIAOFEISHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,RANLIAOZAIYINRANFEISHUIZHONGDEJIELIULVDAYU99%。CIWAI,RANLIAO、PINZHONGHEYANDENONGDUDUIMODEJIELIULVYINGXIANGBUDA,GAIGONGYIJUYOUJIAOHAODEJINGJIXINGHEKEXINGXING。
CAIYONGSHENGHUAYUCHULIFANSHENTOUMOCHULIZHANGXIANGZHENYINRANFEISHUI[22]。JIEGUOBIAOMING,CHUSHUIZHIBIAOMANZUSHENGCHANYONGSHUIYAOQIU,NONGSHUIYENENGMANZUPAIFANGYAOQIU,JUYOUYIDINGDEJINGJIXIAOYI。ZHUZHAOLIANGDENG[23]CAIYONGYUYANGHUAMBRYUCHULIHEFANSHENTOUMOHOUCHULIGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,XITONGCHUSHUICODBUDAYU5 mg/L,DIANDAOLVBUDAYU20 ugs/cm,YOUSEWUZHIQUCHULVWEI90%-100%,TUOYANLVWEI99.5%-99.7%。
1.3 XINXINGMO
TAOCIMOSHIYIZHONGXIANGDUIJIAOXINDEWUJIFENLIMO。MOKONGJINGZAIWEILVMOHECHAOLVMOZHIJIAN。TAZHUYAOYOUTANHUAGUI,YANGHUALV,YANGHUAGAO,ERYANGHUAGUI,YANGHUAXINHEGUISUANLVZHICHENG。TAJUYOUNAIGAOWEN,NAIGAOYA,NAIFUSHI,WUZUSAI,JIAGEDIDEYOUDIAN[24]。
VoigtDENGREN[25]CAIYONGERYANGHUATAITAOCIMOCHULI30ZHONGYINRANFEISHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,TAOCIMODUIFEISHUISEDUDEQUCHULVDAYU70%,ZUIGAOKEDA100%,CODDEQUCHULVWEI45%~80%。LIWEIDENG。[26]CAIYONGα-Al2O3DUOKONGTAOCIMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI。ZAIYIDINGTIAOJIANXIA,CODHENH3-NDEQUCHULVFENBIEDADAO30%HE20%ZUOYOU。ZAIFEISHUIZHONGJIARUYIDINGLIANGDEGAOLINGTU,KETIGAOMOTONGLIANG。CODQUCHULVKETIGAODAO50%ZUOYOU,JUYOULIANGHAODEFAZHANQIANJING。LIXINWANGDENG。[27]CAIYONGTAOCIMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI。DANGJINSHUICODXIAOYU200mg/L,ZHUODUXIAOYU5NTU,CHUSHUIZHUODUXIAOYU0.2NTU,SDIXIAOYU3,MOTONGLIANGKEDA150L/(m2h),QINGXIZHOUQIDAYU48h,DANGJINSHUICODNONGDUJIAODISHI,CAOZUOTONGLIANGJIAOGAO,HUAXUEQINGXI。XIAOGUOGENGHAO,QINGJIEZHOUGENGHAO。GENGZHANGQI。
TANMOSHIYIZHONGXINXINGWUJIFENLIMO,ZHUYAOYOUTANCAILIAOZUCHENG,JUYOUKANGSUANJIANHEYOUJIRONGJINAISHIXINGDEYOUDIAN,Liwencui28]YONGZIZHIDEZHIWUXINGTANMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUIDEJIEGUOBIAOMING,ZAIZUIJIATIAOJIANXIA,MONENGBAOLIU99%DERANLIAOFENZI,RANLIAODEBAOLIULVKEDA100PINTUO。
2 MOWURANJIQICHENGYIN
MOWURANSHIZHILIAOYEZHONGDEKERONGXINGDEWUZHIHUOXUANFUWUCHENJIZAIMODEBIAOMIAN、KONGXIHEKONGXINEIBI,DAOZHIMOTONGLIANGJIANGDIDEXIANXIANG[8,18,30-32]。MOWURANKEYIFENWEIKENIWURANHEBUKENIWURAN,KENIWURANSHIZHIMODEBIAOMIANXINGCHENGNINGJIAOLVBINGCENGHUOZHEFASHENGNONGCHAJIHUA,KEYITONGGUOYUNXINGZHOUQISHEDINGDEWULIQINGXIXIAOCHU;DANGMOKONGBEIDUSAIZEBIAOMINGFASHENGLEBUKENIWURAN,FASHENGBUKENIWURANHOU,XUYAODUIMOJINXINGHUAXUEQINGXIHUOZHEGENGHUAN[18,30]。ZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONG,MOWURANWUFABIMIAN,DANYOUXIAODEYUCHULINENGYOUXIAOJIANQINGMOWURAN[33]。
SANMOYUCHULIZAIYINRANFEISHUICHULIZHONGDEYINGYONG
YUCHULIKEQUCHUFEISHUIZHONGDEXUANFUYEHEJIAOTI,ZHEISHIBAOHUMOXITONGZHENGCHANGYUNXINGDEZHONGYAOFANGFA[34-35],YUCHULIDEZHUYAOYINGYONGBAOKUOMOJICHENGXITONG、HUAXUEXUNINGFAHEDIANHUAXUEFANGFA。
3.1 MOJICHENGXITONG
MOJICHENGXITONGSHIZHIDUOJIEZHIGUOLV、BAOANGUOLV、MODENGZUHESHIYONGDEXITONG,MOJICHENGXITONGNENGDADAOJIANQINGWURANDEYAOQIU,YENENGSHIXIANBUTONGDEFENLIGONGNENG[8]。
HUANGQUNXIANDENG。[36]YIGANGZHAWEITIANLIAODEGANGZHAGUOLVFANYINGQICHULIYINRANFEISHUI。GANGZHAGUOLVQIDUICOD、ZHUODUHESSDEQUCHULVFENBIEDADAO56%、58.3%HE50.3%。SchoeberlDENGREN[37]CAIYONGNALVMOCHULIMBRERCICHUSHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,YUCHULIKEQUCHU80%DECOD。NALVMOCHUSHUICODWEI23.3mg/L,QITAZHIBIAOJUNMANZUHUIYONGYAOQIU。
CENGHANGCHENGDENG[38]CAIYONGCHAOLV-FANSHENTOUZUHEGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUI,CHAOLVYUCHULINENGQUCHUFEISHUIZHONG90%DEZHUODU,TONGSHIYENENGQUCHUBUFENCOD,BUJINNENGJIANQINGLEFANSHENTOUMODEWURAN,ERQIEZAIYIDINGCHENGDUSHANGTIGAOLEXITONGCHANSHUISHUIZHI。LIFUXIANGDENG[39]CAIYONGWEIXUNING-CHAOLV-FANSHENTOUMOLIANHEGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUI,JIEGUOBIAOMINGYUCHULIDUIFEISHUIZHUODUDEQUCHULVGAODA98.5 %,DUICOD、SEDUHEZONGRONGJIEGUTIDEQUCHUYEQIDAOYIDINGDEZUOYONG;YUCHULISHIFANSHENTOUMODEHUAXUEQINGXIZHOUQIYOU25 TIANYANZHANGDAO40 TIAN,JUYOUJIAOHAODEYINGYONGQIANJING。LIHONGLIANDENG[40]CAIYONGYUCHULI-SHUANGMOXITONGCHULICHULIYINRANFEISHUI,YUCHULIBUFENCAIYONGDUOJIEZHIGUOLVQIJILVDAISHIBAOANGUOLVQI,QUCHUGUTIWURANWU、YOULEIHEBUFENJIAOTIDENGWUZHI,GUOLVHOUDESHUIJINRUMOXITONG,CHULIHOUCHANSHUISHUIZHIZHUODU≤2mg/L,COD≤2 mg/L,CHUSHUIKEHUIYONGYUZHIBUSHENGCHANYONGSHUI。TANYUJUNDENG[32]CAIYONGCHOUYANGYANGHUA-SHALV-CHAOLV-FANSHENTOUJICHENGGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUISHENGHUACHULICHUSHUI,FANSHENTOUMOTUOYANLVWENDINGZAI98 %,CHANSHUIGAOMENGSUANJIAZHISHUYUEWEI0.7mg/L,ZHUODUYUEWEI0.12 NTU。
MOJICHENGXITONGBUXUYAOSHIYONGHUAXUEPINLAIBIMIANERCIWURAN。RANER,ZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONG,BUTONGLEIXINGDEYUCHULIFANGFAJUYOUBUTONGDECAOZUOTIAOJIAN,BINGQIEMODESHUIHUISHOULVYEBUTONG,BINGQIESHIYONGSHOUDAOYIDINGCHENGDUDEXIANZHI[41]。
3.2 HUAXUEXUNING
HUAXUEXUNINGSHIZHISHUIZHONGDEXUANFUGUTIHUOJIAOTIZAIXUNINGJIDEZUOYONGXIANINGJIEXINGCHENGXUNINGCHENDIANDEGUOCHENG[42,43]。
Beluci N C LDENG[44]SHIYONGCHAOLVMOYINRANFEISHUI。XUNINGYUCHULIHOU,RB5RANLIAODEQUCHULVHESEDUDADAO100%,MOTONGLIANGHUISHOULVCHAOGUO72%。WANGQIANDENG[45]CAIYONGZIZHIFUHEXUNINGJIPAFC-PDACHULIMONIHUOXINGYANLANKN-RYINRANFEISHUI。ZAIZUIJIATIAOJIANXIA,HUOXINGYANLANKN-RRANLIAODEQUCHULVDADAO91%。 Tang LDENG[46]CAIYONGFUHEXUNINGJIXUNINGYUCHULIHECHAOLVMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI。HUOXINGHUANGRANLIAODEQUCHULVKEDA86%。XUNINGYUCHULIHOU,MOBIAOMIANHOUDUHUIMINGXIANZENGJIA,BIAOMINGXUNING。YUCHULIHOU,MODUIRANLIAOFENZIDEBAOLIUZENGQIANG。CHENQIBINDENG[5]CAIYONGWEISHENGWUXUNINGJICHULIYINRANFEISHUI。DANGMBF / CaCl2DEZHILIANGBIWEI1.32SHI,MBFDEYONGLIANGWEI30mg / L,pHWEI7.5,XUNINGSHIJIANWEI20min,SUIHOUDECHAOJIKEXIANZHETIGAO。MODEMOTONGLIANG,ZUHEGONGYIDECODQUCHULVKEDA96.07%,SHUIHUIYONGLVKEDA83%,DUICHAOLVMODESHOUMINGYINGXIANGXIAO。
HUAXUEXUNINGJISHOUSHUIZHI、WENDUJIQITATIAOJIANDEYINGXIANGHENDA,ERQIEXUNINGJIDEZHONGLEIJISHULIANGYIXUJIAOGAO,TIEJILVXUEJIANGYIKENENGLIUZAIWEILIAOYEZHONG,SHIYONGBUDANGKENENGZAOCHENGBUKENIWURAN[42、47],……CIWAI,HUAXUEXUNINGJICHANSHENGDEWUNIYIXUYAOLINGXINGCHULI[5]JI……
3.3 DIANCUIHUAJISHU
DIANCUIHUAYANGHUA(ECO)JISHUSHIZHILIYONGDIANJIHECUIHUACAILIAOCHANSHENGDEQIANGYANGHUAJITUANYANGHUASHUIZHONGYOUJIWUDEGUOCHENG。EcoNENGGENGCHEDIDIFENJIEYOUJIWUZHI,BUYICHANSHENGYOUDUWUZHI[48]。
ZHANGHAIMINDENG[49]CAIYONGZIZHIDETiO2/Al2O3 FUHEFENLIMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI,ZAIGUANGCUIHUATIAOJIANXIA,XITONGDUIBlack 168 DEQUCHULVNENGDADAO80 %。GAOYONGDENG[50]CAIYONGTiO2 GUANGCUIHUA-WEILVMOZUHEGONGYICHULIYINRANFEISHUI,XITONGCHULICHUSHUICOD、BOD、SEDUHEZHUODUFENBIEWEI35 mg/L、2.7 mg/L、3BEI、2.3 NTU,KEZUOWEIFEIGONGYIYONGSHUIJINXINGHUIYONG。LIJIANXINDENG[51]CAIYONGDIANCUIHUAMODUIYAJIAJILANRONGYEJINXINGCHULI,CHULIHOUSEDUQUCHULVJIEJIN100 %,QIERONGYEZHONGDESAIFENQINLEIHUAHEWUWANQUANJIANGJIE。
DIANCUIHUAJUYOUXUDUOYOUDIAN。DANSHI,ZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONG,YINRANFEISHUIDECHENGFENFUZA,RONGYIYINQIGUANGCUIHUAZHONGDU。QICI,CUIHUAJINANYIHUISHOU,HUOXINGZUFENSUNSHIDA,DUIHUANJINGZAOCHENGERCIWURAN[51]。CIWAI,ZAISHIJIYINGYONGZHONG,DIANCUIHUADENENGHAOHENGAO,YOUBIYAOJIAQIANGDUIDAITUIGUANGDEDIANJICAILIAODEYANJIU[52]。
3.4 DIANXUNING
DIANXUNINGFASHIZHILIYONGLV、TIEDENGJINSHUZUOWEIYANGJI,ZAIZHILIUDIANZUOYONGXIACHANSHENGLV、TIEDENGLIZITI,JINGYINJIDIANJIECHANSHENGDE-ohSHUIJIEJUHE,SHENGCHENGGEZHONGQIANGJIPEIHEWU。DUOQINGQIANGJIPEIHEWU、FEISHUIZHONGFENLIJIAOTIHEXUANFUWUDEGUOCHENG[53]HE.DIANXUNINGFACHENGBENDI、KEKONGZHIXINGQIANG、WUNICHANLIANGDI、WUNIHANSHUILIANGDI;BINGQIEYOUYUYANGJIDEYANGHUAHEYINJIDEHAIYUAN,KEYIQUCHUGEZHONGWURANWU[54]HE……。
DAIDONGMEIDENG[55]YONGDIANXUNINGFACHULINIUZIBUYINRANFEISHUI。DANGDIANJIDIANYAWEI24VSHI,FANYINGSHIJIANWEI35min,pHZHIWEI7.4,FEISHUITUOSELVKEDA99%,CODQUCHULVKEDA70%ZUOYOU。Tavangar TDENGREN[56]CAIYONGDIANXUNINGHENALVMOCHULIYINRANFEISHUI。YUWEIJINGCHULIDEFEISHUIXIANGBI,LV、TIE、TAIDIANJIDEMOTONGLIANGFENBIEZENGJIALE616%、420%HE305%。HEWEIDENG[57]CAIYONGZIZHIGAIXINGWEIDIANJIECAILIAOCHULIMONIYINRANFEISHUI。JIEGUOBIAOMING,GAIDIANJIECAILIAODUISUANXINGHEJIANXINGFEISHUIYOULIANGHAODECHULIXIAOGUO,CODQUCHULVHECHUSHUIB/CMINGXIANGAOYUCHUANTONGCAILIAO。
DIANJIZAIDIANXUNINGGUOCHENGZHONGHENRONGYIDUNHUA,BINGKENENGCHANSHENGYIXIEBUBIYAODEFUJIANADApcYUCEGUANWANG[58]。CIWAI,HAIYINGJINYIBUYANJIUXUNINGHEQIFUDEXIANGHUZUOYONGHEXIEZUOJIZHI,YIJIANLIGENGGUANGFANDESHUJUMOXING[59]。
4 JIELUNHEZHANWANG
MUQIAN,YINRANFEISHUIYOUDUOZHONGYUCHULIJISHU,RUMOJICHENGXITONG、HUAXUEXUNING、DIANHUAXUEFADENG。MOQIANYUCHULIJISHUZAIYINRANFEISHUIMOCHULIZAIYIXIAFANGMIANZHIDEJINYIBUYANJIU:
(YI)YOUYUGONGYITIAOJIANDENGYINSUDEYINGXIANG,YINRANFEISHUIDESHUIZHIYOUJIAODACHAYI。ZHENDUIGEZHONGFUZADEWURANWUCANSHU,YOUBIYAOJINXINGXIANGYINGDESHEJIHEYOUHUA,BINGZHUYIBUTONGYUCHULIJISHUDEGAOXIAOZUHE,YIKUODAYINGYONGFANWEI;
(2)YINRANFEISHUIYOUJIZHIHANLIANGGAO,CHENGFENFUZA。YOUBIYAOJINYIBUYANJIUYUCHULIJISHUDEJILI,YIZENGJIAMOTONGLIANG,JIANSHAOMOWURAN。